Monday, July 23, 2012

circular foreign key. How do i handle them?


Circular foreign keys are not really supported in SQL Server. It is possible to do it if you really want but it's not very useful since you've have no way to insert any data - you can't insert into table A because the required references in table B don't exist and vice versa. The only way would be to create one of the tables without the FK and then add it after the second table is created. Then, to insert data, you'd need to disable one of the FKs and then re-enable it but this is a very resource intensive operation if you've lots of data since it will all need to be re-checked when the FK is re-enabled.
Basically, you either have to live with incomplete declarative referential integrity or, perhaps more wisely, consider remodelling your data as @munisor suggests.
WARNING: the following code smaple demonstrates how to create circular FKs but this really is very bad for your health! I'm sure that in the longer run, you won't be wanting to do this. For example, simply trying to drop either of these tables after this is run is very difficult, you can't simple DROP TABLE!
CREATE TABLE [A]
(
    [AId] int
        NOT NULL
        PRIMARY KEY,
    [BId] int
        NULL
        -- You can't create the reference to B here since it doesn't yet exist!
)
CREATE TABLE [B]
(
    [BId] int
        NOT NULL
        PRIMARY KEY,
    [AId] int
        NOT NULL
        FOREIGN KEY
            REFERENCES [A]
)
-- Now that B is created, add the FK to A
ALTER TABLE [A]
    ADD
        FOREIGN KEY ( [BId] )
        REFERENCES [B]
ALTER TABLE [A]
    ALTER COLUMN [BId]
        int
        NOT NULL



 http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2864237/circular-foreign-key-how-do-i-handle-them

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